Name | Phenyl ether |
Synonyms | FEMA 3667 AKOS 90362 Phenyl ether biphenyloxide phenoxybenzene Chemcryl JK-EB DEPHENYL OXIDE Dipnenyl ether DIPHENYL OXIDE DIPHENYL ETHER diphenyl ether Diphenyl Oxide AKOS BBS-00004250 1,1'-oxydibenzene 1,1'-oxybisbenzene Di(diiphenyl) ether |
CAS | 101-84-8 |
EINECS | 202-981-2 |
InChI | InChI=1/C12H10O/c1-3-7-11(8-4-1)13-12-9-5-2-6-10-12/h1-10H |
InChIKey | USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | C12H10O |
Molar Mass | 170.21 |
Density | 1.073g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
Melting Point | 26 °C |
Boling Point | 259°C(lit.) |
Flash Point | >230°F |
JECFA Number | 1255 |
Water Solubility | insoluble |
Solubility | alcohol: soluble(lit.) |
Vapor Presure | <1 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
Vapor Density | >5.86 (25 °C, vs air) |
Appearance | Transparent light yellow liquid |
Specific Gravity | 1.073 |
Color | White or Colorless to Almost white or Almost colorless |
Odor | Weak geranium. |
Exposure Limit | NIOSH REL: TWA 1 ppm (7 mg/m3), IDLH 100 ppm; OSHA PEL: TWA 1ppm; ACGIH TLV: TWA 0.1, STEL 2 ppm (adopted). |
Merck | 14,7288 |
BRN | 1364620 |
Storage Condition | Store below +30°C. |
Explosive Limit | 0.8-1.5%(V) |
Refractive Index | n20/D 1.579(lit.) |
MDL | MFCD00003034 |
Physical and Chemical Properties | Characteristics of colorless crystals or liquid. Has the odor of eucalyptus oil. melting point 28 ℃ boiling point 258 ℃ freezing point 27 ℃ relative density 1.0863 refractive index 1.5780 flash point 115 ℃ solubility ethanol, ethyl ether, benzene and acetic acid, insoluble in water, inorganic acid solution and alkali solution. |
Use | Used in the production of flame retardant decabromodiphenyl ether, used as high temperature heat carrier, and used in the manufacture of spices and dyes |
Risk Codes | R51/53 - Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R39/23/24/25 - R23/24/25 - Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. R36 - Irritating to the eyes |
Safety Description | S60 - This material and its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S57 - Use appropriate container to avoid environmental contamination. S37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. |
UN IDs | UN 3077 9/PG 3 |
WGK Germany | 2 |
RTECS | KN8970000 |
TSCA | Yes |
HS Code | 2909 30 10 |
Hazard Class | 9 |
Packing Group | III |
Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 2450 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit > 7940 mg/kg |
Raw Materials | Phenol Copper(II) sulfate Potassium hydroxide Sodium hydroxide Hydrochloric acid Chlorobenzene |
Downstream Products | Permethrin Pentabromophenyl ether |
colorless crystals or liquids. Flammable. Low toxicity. Has the odor of eucalyptus oil. Soluble in ethanol, ether, benzene and acetic acid, insoluble in water, inorganic acid solution and alkali solution. The relative density was 1. 0863. Freezing point 27 °c. Melting point 28 °c. Boiling point 258 °c. Refractive index 5780. Flash point 115 °c. Spontaneous ignition point 617.8.
condensation of chlorobenzene with phenol in caustic soda solution in the presence of copper oxide catalyst to produce diphenyl ether, which is refined by alkali washing and distillation to obtain a finished product.
organic synthesis intermediates, a large number of used in the perfume industry, especially for soap spices, but also for synthetic resins and other raw materials for organic synthesis industry. After mixing with biphenyl, it is an industrially good and safe high-temperature organic heat medium, which can be used for a long time at 350 ℃.
low toxicity. The maximum allowable concentration in the air of the workplace is 1 × 10-6. Packed in iron barrels, 200kg per barrel. According to the provisions of toxic substances storage and transportation.
FEMA | 3667 | DIPHENYL ETHER |
relative polarity | 2.8 |
olfactory threshold (Odor Threshold) | 0.1ppm |
freezing point | 27 ℃ |
Henry's Law Constant | 2.13 at 20 °C (approximate - calculated from water solubility and vapor pressure) |
LogP | 4.21 at 25℃ |
NIST chemical information | Information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
toxicity | GRAS(FEMA). |
use limit | FEMA(mg/kg): soft candy 7.5; Alcohol-free beverage 2.5.GB 2760-2001: citrus preservation, 3.0 g/kg, residue ≤ 12 mg/kg. |
use | diphenyl ether is mainly used as one of the components of organic high temperature heating medium. The mixture prepared from diphenyl ether and biphenyl according to the mass ratio 73.5:26.5 is called lead A. Operating temperature range: gas phase 232-399 ℃, liquid phase 21-399 ℃, working temperature not more than 400 ℃. The mixture composed of diphenyl ether and methyl biphenyl is called the lead LF, the freezing point is low, and it can still be used at -30°C. It is a low-temperature, low-viscosity heat carrier. Diphenyl ether has aromas of geranium and begonia, as well as sweet orange and narcissus. It is called crystalline geranium oil or artificial geranium oil in the fragrance industry. Because diphenyl ether is relatively stable to alkalinity, it is mostly used to prepare soap essence, and it is also commonly used as a substitute for geranium oil, which is suitable for preparing floral cosmetics, deodorants, etc. As an intermediate in organic synthesis, the product is used in the perfume industry, synthetic resins and other organic synthesis production. Constant temperature heat transfer medium, gas chromatography stationary liquid (maximum service temperature 100 ℃, solvent acetone). Shared with diphenylmethane, the aroma can be relatively light, and it can be used in soaps, detergents, daily industrial products, roses, geranium, hyacinth, new mow grass, sandalwood and other flavors to give green air. Used as a heat transfer medium. |
Production method | It is obtained by condensation of chlorobenzene and phenol in a caustic solution with copper as a catalyst. Potassium hydroxide, phenol and chlorobenzene are mixed according to the molar ratio of 1:1.4:1.06, copper powder is added, stirred and heated for condensation reaction. After the reaction is over, the diphenyl ether oil layer is separated by acid treatment, and the diphenyl ether finished product is obtained by distillation under reduced pressure. Chlorobenzene and phenol can also be reacted in sodium hydroxide solution. Another industrial source of diphenyl ether is as a by-product of chlorobenzene hydrolysis to phenol. In the process of hydrolysis of chlorobenzene with sodium hydroxide, about 10% of chlorobenzene is converted into diphenyl ether. In some processes, this ratio can reach 20%. Diphenyl ether products are obtained by extraction refining. |
category | flammable liquid |
toxicity classification | poisoning |
acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 3370 mg/kg |
stimulation data | skin-rabbit 500 mg/24 hours mild; Eyes-rabbit 10 PPM/140 hours moderate |
explosive hazard characteristics | blastable when mixed with air |
flammability hazard characteristics | combustible in case of open flame, high temperature and strong oxidant; Combustion emission stimulates smoke |
storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse ventilation and low temperature drying |
fire extinguishing agent | foam, carbon dioxide, dry powder, sand, 1211 |
occupational standard | TLV-TWA 7 mg/m3; STEL 14 mg/m3 |
spontaneous combustion temperature | 610°C |
toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
immediate life-threatening and health concentration | 100 ppm |